Ransomware has become one of the most widespread and damaging threats that internet users face. Since the infamous CryptoLocker first appeared in 2013, we’ve seen a new era of file-encrypting Ransomware variants delivered through spam messages and Exploit Kits, extorting money from home users and businesses alike. The current wave of Ransomware families can have their roots traced back to the early days of FakeAV, through “Locker” variants and finally to the file-encrypting variants that are prevalent today. Each distinct category of malware has shared a common goal – to extort money from victims through social engineering and outright intimidation. This white paper delves into the basics of ransomeware.